/* ===== CSS RESET & BASE ===== */
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
  /* Color Palette - Professional Academic Theme */
  --primary: #8B0000;
  --primary-dark: #5a0000;
  --primary-light: #fff5f5;
  
  /* Neutrals */
  --neutral-900: #0b132b;
  --neutral-800: #1e293b;
  --neutral-700: #334155;
  --neutral-600: #475569;
  --neutral-500: #64748b;
  --neutral-400: #94a3b8;
  --neutral-300: #cbd5e1;
  --neutral-200: #e2e8f0;
  --neutral-100: #f1f5f9;
  --neutral-50: #f8fafc;
  --white: #ffffff;
  
  /* Typography */
  --font-sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, sans-serif;
  
  /* Spacing */
  --space-xs: 0.25rem;
  --space-sm: 0.5rem;
  --space-md: 1rem;
  --space-lg: 1.5rem;
  --space-xl: 2rem;
  --space-2xl: 3rem;
  --space-3xl: 4rem;
  
  /* Border Radius */
  --radius-sm: 0.25rem;
  --radius-md: 0.5rem;
  --radius-lg: 0.75rem;
  --radius-xl: 1rem;
  --radius-full: 9999px;
  
  /* Shadows */
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-xl: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-red: 0 4px 20px rgba(139, 0, 0, 0.15);
  
  /* Transitions */
  --transition-fast: 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --transition-base: 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --transition-slow: 350ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

/* ===== BASE STYLES ===== */
html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  font-size: 16px;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--neutral-800);
  background-color: var(--white);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

.container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--space-lg);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .container {
    padding: 0 var(--space-md);
  }
}

/* ===== ANNOUNCEMENT BAR ===== */
.announcement {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-dark) 0%, var(--primary) 100%);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 0.5rem 0;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 101;
}

.announcement .container {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
}

.announcement a {
  color: var(--white);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-xs);
  transition: opacity var(--transition-fast);
}

.announcement a:hover {
  opacity: 0.9;
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .announcement {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.4rem 0;
  }
  
  .announcement .container {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    gap: var(--space-xs);
  }
}

/* ===== HEADER WITH INTEGRATED NAVIGATION ===== */
.header {
  background: var(--white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  padding: 0;
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.header-container {
  padding: 0;
}

.header-top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
}

.header-bottom {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
  position: relative;
}

.header-brand {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-md);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.logo-link {
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.logo-link:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.logo {
  height: 50px;
  width: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.journal-meta {
  flex: 1;
}

.journal-title {
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  margin: 0;
}

.journal-subtitle {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--neutral-600);
  margin-top: var(--space-xs);
  font-weight: 500;
  display: block;
}

/* Navigation container inside header */
.nav-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-xl);
  flex: 1;
  justify-content: center;
}

.nav-menu {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  flex: 1;
  justify-content: center;
}

.nav-link {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  position: relative;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
  background: var(--primary-light);
}

.nav-link.active {
  color: var(--primary);
  background: var(--primary-light);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.nav-link.active::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -6px;
  left: var(--space-md);
  right: var(--space-md);
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

/* Dropdown styles */
.dropdown {
  position: relative;
}

.dropdown-content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  min-width: 200px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
  padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(10px);
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
  z-index: 1000;
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.dropdown-content a {
  display: block;
  padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-lg);
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.dropdown-content a:hover {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  color: var(--primary);
}

.dropdown-arrow {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  margin-left: var(--space-xs);
  transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-arrow {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

/* Submit button in header */
.header-actions {
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.btn-submit-paper {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--primary-dark) 100%);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-lg);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-red);
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.btn-submit-paper:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg), var(--shadow-red);
}

/* Mobile menu toggle - hidden on desktop */
.mobile-menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: var(--space-sm);
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
  z-index: 10;
}

.mobile-menu-toggle:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.mobile-menu-toggle.active {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.mobile-menu-toggle.active .icon {
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}

/* ===== HERO BANNER - NO TOP MARGIN ===== */
.hero-banner {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-dark) 0%, var(--primary) 100%);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: var(--space-3xl) 0;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.hero-banner::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: -50%;
  right: -20%;
  width: 60%;
  height: 200%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at center, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 0%, transparent 70%);
  z-index: 0;
}

.banner-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 0.8fr;
  gap: var(--space-2xl);
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.banner-text {
  max-width: 700px;
}

.banner-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: var(--space-xs) var(--space-md);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.banner-title {
  font-size: 3.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.banner-highlight {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
}

.banner-highlight::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0.1em;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 0.15em;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  z-index: -1;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

.banner-description {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
  max-width: 600px;
}

.banner-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-md);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.banner-actions .btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.btn-light {
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--primary);
  border: none;
}

.btn-light:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.btn-outline-light {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--white);
  border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.btn-outline-light:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-color: var(--white);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.banner-visual {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}

.visual-element {
  position: relative;
  width: 280px;
  height: 280px;
}

.visual-icon {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes float {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0) rotate(0deg); }
  50% { transform: translateY(-20px) rotate(5deg); }
}

/* ===== MAIN CONTENT ===== */
.main-content {
  min-height: 60vh;
  background: var(--neutral-50);
  padding: 0;
}

/* ===== QUICK LINKS ===== */
.quick-links-section {
  padding: var(--space-xl) 0;
  background: var(--white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
}

.quick-links-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.quick-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-md);
  padding: var(--space-lg);
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--neutral-800);
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
}

.quick-link:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  background: var(--primary-light);
}

.quick-link:hover .quick-link-icon {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--white);
}

.quick-link-icon {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  background: var(--primary-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
}

.quick-link-content {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.quick-link-content h3 {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.quick-link-content p {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--neutral-600);
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* ===== RESEARCH FOCUS ===== */
.research-focus-section {
  padding: var(--space-3xl) 0;
  background: var(--neutral-50);
}

.section-header {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto var(--space-2xl);
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.section-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.focus-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-xl);
  margin-top: var(--space-xl);
}

.focus-card {
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  border: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.focus-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
  border-color: var(--primary);
}

.focus-card-header {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  padding: var(--space-xl);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-md);
}

.focus-icon {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.focus-card-header h3 {
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.focus-card-body {
  padding: var(--space-xl);
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.focus-card-body p {
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  line-height: 1.6;
  flex: 1;
}

.focus-topics {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.focus-topics li {
  padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  position: relative;
  padding-left: var(--space-lg);
}

.focus-topics li:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.focus-topics li::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  background: var(--primary);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

/* ===== FEATURES SECTION ===== */
.features-section {
  padding: var(--space-3xl) 0;
  background: var(--white);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
}

.features-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-2xl);
  align-items: center;
}

.feature-main {
  padding-right: var(--space-2xl);
}

.feature-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.feature-description {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
}

.feature-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.feature-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-md);
  padding: var(--space-lg);
  background: var(--neutral-50);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
}

.feature-item:hover {
  transform: translateX(8px);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  background: var(--primary-light);
}

.feature-icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.feature-content {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.feature-content h4 {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.feature-content p {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* ===== CTA BANNER ===== */
.cta-banner {
  padding: var(--space-3xl) 0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--neutral-900) 0%, var(--neutral-800) 100%);
  color: var(--white);
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.cta-content {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.cta-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--white);
}

.cta-description {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
  max-width: 600px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.cta-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-md);
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ===== BUTTONS ===== */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-xl);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.btn-primary {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--primary-dark) 100%);
  color: var(--white);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-red);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg), var(--shadow-red);
}

.btn-secondary {
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  border: 1px solid var(--neutral-300);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
  background: var(--neutral-50);
  border-color: var(--neutral-400);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.btn-outline {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--primary);
  border: 1px solid var(--primary);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.btn-sm {
  padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-lg);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.btn-lg {
  padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-2xl);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .btn-lg {
    padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-xl);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
  }
}

/* ===== FOOTER ===== */
.footer {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: var(--neutral-300);
  padding: var(--space-2xl) 0 var(--space-xl);
  margin-top: 0;
}

.footer-container {
  max-width: 1280px;
}

.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-2xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
}

.footer-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.footer-logo {
  height: 50px;
  width: auto;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  filter: brightness(0) invert(1);
  max-width: 100%;
}

.footer-description {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.footer-social {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-md);
  margin-top: var(--space-lg);
}

.social-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  background: var(--neutral-800);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.social-link:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--white);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.footer-title {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.footer-links {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.footer-links li {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
}

.footer-links a {
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.footer-links a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
}

.contact-info {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-md);
}

.contact-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.contact-item .icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--primary);
}

.contact-item a {
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
  word-break: break-word;
}

.contact-item a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
}

.footer-newsletter {
  margin-top: var(--space-lg);
}

.footer-newsletter p {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.newsletter-form {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
}

.newsletter-input {
  flex: 1;
  padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
  border: 1px solid var(--neutral-700);
  background: var(--neutral-800);
  color: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  min-width: 0;
}

.newsletter-input:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--primary);
}

.newsletter-btn {
  padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--white);
  border: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background var(--transition-fast);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.newsletter-btn:hover {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
}

.footer-bottom {
  padding-top: var(--space-xl);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--neutral-800);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.footer-bottom-left p {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  margin: 0;
}

.footer-legal {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--neutral-500);
  margin-top: var(--space-xs);
}

.footer-bottom-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-xl);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.footer-bottom-right a {
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.footer-bottom-right a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
}

.ojs-badge {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--neutral-500);
}

.ojs-badge a {
  color: var(--neutral-400);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.ojs-badge a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
}

/* ===== RESPONSIVE DESIGN ===== */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
  .nav-container {
    gap: var(--space-lg);
  }
  
  .nav-menu {
    gap: var(--space-xs);
  }
  
  .nav-link {
    padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-sm);
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .journal-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
  }
  
  .banner-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .banner-text {
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .banner-visual {
    order: -1;
  }
  
  .visual-element {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
  }
  
  .quick-links-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  
  .features-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
  }
  
  .feature-main {
    padding-right: 0;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .feature-list {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .footer-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-xl);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .header-main {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }
  
  .nav-container {
    order: 3;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: var(--space-md);
    justify-content: space-between;
  }
  
  .nav-menu {
    justify-content: flex-start;
    overflow-x: auto;
    padding-bottom: var(--space-xs);
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
  }
  
  .header-actions {
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
}

/* ===== MOBILE MENU FIXES - CRITICAL ===== */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  /* Mobile Menu Toggle */
  .mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: var(--space-sm);
    color: var(--neutral-700);
    z-index: 1001;
    margin-left: auto;
    position: relative;
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-toggle .icon {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    stroke-width: 2;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  }
  
  /* Hamburger icon (3 lines) - Visible by default */
  .mobile-menu-toggle .hamburger-icon {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
    position: static;
  }
  
  /* Close icon (X) - Hidden by default */
  .mobile-menu-toggle .close-icon {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.8);
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    margin-top: -12px;
    margin-left: -12px;
  }
  
  /* When menu is active */
  .mobile-menu-toggle.active {
    color: var(--primary);
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-toggle.active .hamburger-icon {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.8);
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-toggle.active .close-icon {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
  }
  
  /* Navigation Container - Mobile */
  .nav-container {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    padding: 70px var(--space-md) var(--space-lg);
    transform: translateX(-100%);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    z-index: 999;
    overflow-y: auto;
    margin-top: 0;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    display: flex !important;
    box-shadow: 0 0 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }
  
  .nav-container.mobile-open {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
  
  /* Mobile menu header with close button */
  .mobile-menu-header {
    display: none;
  }
  
  /* Nav Menu - Mobile */
  .nav-menu {
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow-x: visible;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    width: 100%;
    gap: 4px;
    margin: 0;
  }
  
  .nav-menu li {
    width: 100%;
    list-style: none;
  }
  
  .nav-link {
    width: 100%;
    padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-lg);
    font-size: 1rem;
    justify-content: space-between;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    margin-bottom: 2px;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    background: var(--neutral-50);
    color: var(--neutral-700);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  
  .nav-link:hover,
  .nav-link:focus {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border-color: var(--primary-light);
    color: var(--primary);
  }
  
  .nav-link.active {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border-color: var(--primary);
    color: var(--primary);
    font-weight: 600;
  }
  
  .nav-link.active::after {
    display: none;
  }
  
  /* Dropdown - Mobile */
  .dropdown-content {
    position: static;
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    background: var(--white);
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    max-height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    border-left: 2px solid var(--neutral-200);
    margin-left: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .dropdown.active .dropdown-content {
    max-height: 500px;
    border-left-color: var(--primary);
  }
  
  .dropdown-content a {
    display: block;
    padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-lg) var(--space-sm) calc(var(--space-lg) + 8px);
    border-radius: 0;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--neutral-600);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-left: 2px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    margin-bottom: 1px;
  }
  
  .dropdown-content a:hover,
  .dropdown-content a:focus {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    color: var(--primary);
    border-left-color: var(--primary);
    padding-left: calc(var(--space-lg) + 12px);
  }
  
  .dropdown-arrow {
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
    margin-left: var(--space-xs);
    font-size: 10px;
  }
  
  .dropdown.active .dropdown-arrow {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
  }
  
  /* Body overflow hidden when menu is open */
  body.menu-open {
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  
  /* Mobile menu backdrop overlay */
  .mobile-menu-backdrop {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    z-index: 998;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-backdrop.active {
    display: block;
    opacity: 1;
  }
  
  /* Prevent scrolling on body when menu is open */
  html.menu-open,
  body.menu-open {
    overflow: hidden;
    position: fixed;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
  }
  
  /* Header adjustments */
  .header {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 100;
  }
  
  .header-top {
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: var(--space-xs) 0;
    min-height: 60px;
  }
  
  .header-brand {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    z-index: 1001;
  }
  
  .header-actions {
    margin-left: var(--space-sm);
    z-index: 1001;
  }
  
  .header-bottom {
    padding: 0;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    min-height: 0;
    display: none; /* Hide the original nav container in header-bottom */
  }
  
  /* Move the nav-container to be a fullscreen overlay */
  .nav-container {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: var(--white);
    z-index: 999;
  }
  
  .btn-submit-paper {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    padding: var(--space-xs) var(--space-md);
    min-height: 36px;
  }
}


@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .header-top {
    padding: var(--space-xs) 0;
  }
  
  .logo {
    height: 40px;
  }
  
  .journal-title {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
  }
  
  .journal-subtitle {
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
  }
  
  .header-actions {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
  }
  
  .btn-submit-paper {
    padding: var(--space-xs) var(--space-sm);
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    gap: var(--space-xs);
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-toggle {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-toggle .icon {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
  }
  
  .hero-banner {
    padding: var(--space-xl) 0;
  }
  
  .banner-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }
  
  .banner-description {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
  
  .banner-badge {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    padding: var(--space-xs) var(--space-sm);
  }
  
  .visual-element {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
  }
  
  .quick-link {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    padding: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .quick-link-icon {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
  }
  
  .section-title {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }
  
  .focus-card-header {
    padding: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .focus-card-body {
    padding: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .feature-main {
    padding: 0;
  }
  
  .feature-title {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }
  
  .feature-item {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    gap: var(--space-sm);
  }
  
  .feature-icon {
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .cta-title {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }
  
  .footer {
    padding: var(--space-lg) 0 var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .footer-grid {
    gap: var(--space-lg);
  }
  
  .footer-logo {
    height: 40px;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .footer-title {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .footer-links a {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
  }
  
  .contact-item {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
  }
  
  .footer-bottom-right {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--space-md);
  }
}

/* ===== BACK TO TOP ===== */
.back-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: var(--space-xl);
  right: var(--space-xl);
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--white);
  border: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  z-index: 99;
}

.back-to-top.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

/* ===== ICONS ===== */
.icon {
  width: 1em;
  height: 1em;
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

/* ===== RESPONSIVE UTILITIES ===== */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .hide-mobile {
    display: none !important;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {
  .hide-desktop {
    display: none !important;
  }
  
  .mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none !important;
  }
}

/* ===== EDITORIAL BOARD STYLES ===== */
.board-section {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
}

.board-section h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-md);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-light);
  position: relative;
}

.board-section h2::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -2px;
  left: 0;
  width: 100px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--primary);
}

.board-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-lg);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
}

.board-member {
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
  transition: all var(--transition-base);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.board-member:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  border-color: var(--primary);
}

.member-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-lg);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
  flex: 1;
}

.member-avatar {
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--primary-dark) 100%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.member-info {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.member-name {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.member-title {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--primary);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
}

.member-affiliation {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.member-country {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--neutral-600);
  font-style: italic;
}

.member-expertise {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.expertise-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-xs);
  margin-top: var(--space-xs);
}

.expertise-tag {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  color: var(--primary);
  padding: var(--space-xs) var(--space-sm);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.expertise-tag:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: var(--white);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.member-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: var(--space-md);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--neutral-200);
}

.member-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-xs);
  color: var(--neutral-600);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: var(--space-xs) var(--space-sm);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.member-link:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
  background: var(--primary-light);
  border-color: var(--primary-light);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.member-link.disabled {
  opacity: 0.5;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.member-link .icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.board-note {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-xl);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);
  margin-top: var(--space-xl);
}

.board-note h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.board-note p {
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.board-note a {
  color: var(--primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.board-note a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ===== PAGE LAYOUTS ===== */
.page-header {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
  padding-top: var(--space-lg);
}

.page-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.page-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--neutral-700);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
  line-height: 1.5;
  max-width: 800px;
}

.page-content {
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  padding: var(--space-2xl);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
}

/* Grid system for pages */
.grid2 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
}

.grid3 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
}

/* Prose content */
.prose {
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--neutral-700);
}

.prose h2 {
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin: var(--space-2xl) 0 var(--space-lg);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-sm);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--neutral-200);
}

.prose h3 {
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin: var(--space-xl) 0 var(--space-md);
}

.prose h4 {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  margin: var(--space-lg) 0 var(--space-sm);
}

.prose p {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.prose ul, .prose ol {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  padding-left: var(--space-xl);
}

.prose li {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.prose li:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.prose strong {
  color: var(--neutral-900);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.prose a {
  color: var(--primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.prose a:hover {
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.prose blockquote {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);
  padding-left: var(--space-lg);
  margin: var(--space-xl) 0;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--neutral-600);
}

.prose .note {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-lg);
  margin: var(--space-xl) 0;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);
}

.prose .note p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* ===== RESPONSIVE ADJUSTMENTS FOR PAGES ===== */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .page-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }
  
  .page-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
  }
  
  .page-content {
    padding: var(--space-xl);
  }
  
  .board-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  
  .grid2, .grid3 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .page-header {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
    padding-top: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .page-title {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }
  
  .page-subtitle {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
  }
  
  .page-content {
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
  }
  
  .board-section {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
  }
  
  .board-section h2 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .board-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .board-member {
    padding: var(--space-lg);
  }
  
  .member-header {
    gap: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .member-avatar {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
  }
  
  .member-name {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
  
  .member-title,
  .member-affiliation {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
  }
  
  .member-links {
    padding-top: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .grid2, .grid3 {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-lg);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .page-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .page-content {
    padding: var(--space-md);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  }
  
  .board-member {
    padding: var(--space-md);
  }
  
  .member-header {
    gap: var(--space-sm);
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .member-avatar {
    width: 64px;
    height: 64px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-sm);
  }
  
  .member-info {
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .expertise-tags {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .member-links {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}

/* ===== PRINT STYLES ===== */
@media print {
  .announcement,
  .navbar,
  .footer,
  .back-to-top,
  .hero-actions,
  .cta-actions,
  .btn {
    display: none;
  }
  
  body {
    color: #000;
    background: #fff;
    font-size: 12pt;
  }
  
  .container {
    max-width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
  }
  
  a {
    color: #000;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  
  a[href]::after {
    content: " (" attr(href) ")";
    font-size: 0.75em;
    color: #666;
  }
  
  .hero-banner, .research-focus-section, .features-section, .cta-banner {
    padding: 1cm 0;
  }
  
  .page-content {
    box-shadow: none;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
  }
}